9/26/2023 0 Comments The 8 bones in the human skull![]() ![]() Lingula : tongue-shaped structure (compare to the word “lingual”) Lamina: a thin layer (compare laminated wood) ![]() Lacrimal (also spelled lachrymal): referring to the tears (compare lacrimosa) Labial : related to the lips toward the lips Superior* or the prefix supra: located above or over higher or upperĪcoustic : referring to sounds or hearing near the earĬervical : related to the neck like cervical vertebraeĬondyle : an articular prominence of a bone resembling a knuckleĬoronoid: where the king’s coronation crown fits or the shape of a crown (compare coronation) for example, the coronoid process of the mandible is shaped like the point of a coronation crown or a coronoid suture is where the crown fits. Sub (prefix): under or beneath compare to infra Posterior*: toward the rear of the mouth or body Midsagittal plane* : same as median plane Median plane*: a longitudinal plane that divides the body into relatively equal right and left halves Medial*: the surface toward, or closest to, the midline (median) plane of the body do not confuse medial with mesial. Lateral*: pertaining to, or situated at, the side Inferior* or the prefix infra: located below or beneath lower than Planes of the head and directions used to identify relative location of structures or surfaces of the head.īuccal : related to or near the cheek the buccal nerve innervates the cheek the buccinator muscle is within the cheek the buccal surface of a tooth is the side toward the cheek.Ĭervix: of the neck or neck-like compare cervical vertebrae in the neckĮxternal: toward the outside of the body seen from the outsideįacial*: toward the face seen when viewing the face side TERMS USED TO DESCRIBE RELATIVE LOCATION- Figure 14-1 will be helpful in understanding terms with an asterisk (*).įIGURE 14-1. Meatus : a natural passage or opening in the body OPENINGS-TERMS USED TO DESCRIBE HOLES IN BONES AND/OR TEETHĪperture: an opening compare a camera lens apertureįoramen (plural: foramina ): a small hole through bone or tooth for passage of nerves and vesselsįoramen ovale : a specific oval or egg-shaped foramenįoramen rotundum: a specific round foramen recall the Capitol’s rotundum or dome is round when viewed from above Sinus: hollow, air-filled cavity or space within skull bones, or a channel for venous blood Tubercle : a small rounded projection on a bone or toothĭEPRESSIONS-TERMS USED TO DESCRIBE CONCAVITIES IN BONES AND/OR TEETHĪlveolus (plural: alveoli ): small hollow space or socket where the tooth root fits within the jaw bonesĬavity: a hollow place within the body of bone (or within a tooth)įissure : a cleft or groove (crack) between partsįossa (plural: fossae ): a small hollow or depressed areaįovea : small pit or depression Ridge: linear, narrow, elevated portion of bone or tooth Process: a projection or outgrowth from a bone Since anatomy terms are often similar to common familiar words, the new terms are compared to familiar words whenever possible.īUMPS-TERMS USED TO DESCRIBE CONVEXITIES ON BONES AND/OR TEETHĮminence: a prominence or elevation of bone Many terms have similar definitions, so they are defined here in groups to facilitate learning. When reading the description of each bone, there are many descriptive terms that are used to describe the bumps, depressions, holes, and relative location of important landmarks. This is important in order to fully appreciate where muscles attach and how they can move the lower jaw (mandible) in all directions and to figure out where to apply local anesthetic along the path of the nerves to the teeth and oral cavity, as described in more detail in Chapter 15. ![]() Also, as you study this section, you should relate the location of each bony structure on the skull to its location on your own head, that is, where it is located under the skin of the face or under the mucosa of the mouth. If you touch and trace each bone with your fingers as you read, you are not likely to forget its characteristics. To obtain a clear understanding of the bones of the skull and their relationship to one another and to the teeth, it is best to have a skull or skull model at hand to examine while reading this chapter. There are 206 distinct bones in our skeleton, 28 of which are in the skull if we count the malleus, stapes, and incus bones of each ear.
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